Dielectric constant for binary piezoelectric 0-3 composites

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Abstract
In this article an analytic expression is presented for the dielectric constant of a binary piezoelectric 0‐3 composite by modifying the well known Kerner expression [Proc. Phys. Soc. London Sec. B 69, 802 (1956)] to include interactions. The developed expression is a function of the constituent dielectric constants and their volume fractions only and compares very favorably with available experimental data for piezoelectric ceramic inclusions in a dielectric continuum having widely differing dielectric constants.