The author systematically assessed the backgrounds, training and career experiences, and perceptions of career-marriage interactions of women and men psychiatrists in a large mid-Atlantic state. Although there were many similarities, the women differed on several sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., marital status, religious affiliation, number of children, and professional status of parents). Women also reported lower incomes than men, even when Board certification and number of hours worked were considered. In addition, compared with men, women perceived less support from their professional colleagues, and a larger proportions of married women felt that career and marriage were mutually enhancing.