In vitro culture of intramolluscan stages of the avian schistosomeTrichobilharzia ocellata

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Abstract
Several different procedures for in vitro cultivation of intramolluscan stages of the avian schistosomeTrichobilharzia ocellata were tried. A medium was found and culture conditions were established that not only supported in vitro transformation of miracidia into mother sporocysts, but also resulted in substantial subsequent growth; moreover, some degree of germinative development appeared to occur as well. Cerebral ganglia from uninfected adult snails of the intermediate host species,Lymnaea stagnalis, could produce factors promoting in vitro development of young mother sporocysts. Results are compared with data from the literature and it is concluded that greater success in in vitro culturing of young mother sporocysts ofT. ocellata can be achieved than has hitherto been reported for other schistosome species. The same culture procedures were less successful when applied to other intramolluscan stages ofT. ocellata, but can be used for in vitro maintenance of these stages. The procedures described here will be a useful tool in the study of schistosome-snail interactions inT. ocellata-L. stagnalis and possibly in other systems as well.