Magnetic Ordering and Fluorescence in Manganese Salts

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Abstract
The effect of antiferromagnetic ordering on the fluorescence of several manganese salts has been observed. The fluorescence undergoes a shift in frequency, intensity, and lifetime at the Néel temperature. At temperatures below the Néel temperature, the fluorescence shifts to higher frequencies. The salts investigated were MnF2, RbMnF3, NaMnF3, and CsMnF3. The effects are illustrated by data representing RbMnF3. In addition to the change in fluorescence at the Néel temperature, a similar change was observed in each material at roughly one‐half the Néel temperature. Again the fluorescent frequency increased at lower temperatures. The magnitude of the changes occurring at the lower temperature was larger than that observed at the Néel temperature. All the salts investigated show Stokes shifts in their fluorescence spectra. It is believed that the magnetic ordering alters the Stokes shift through the magnetoelastic effect, causing the fluorescent changes observed. The low‐temperature changes are believed to be caused by the same mechanism when the excited Mn2+ ion becomes ordered with respect to the surrounding lattice. The temperature at which this occurs is a measure of the exchange energy for the excited‐ion electron configuration.

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