Cell Walls, Lipids, and Lipopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas Species
- 1 February 1973
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in European Journal of Biochemistry
- Vol. 33 (1) , 158-174
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02666.x
Abstract
Cell walls from two EDTA‐sensitive and three EDTA‐resistant pseudomonads grown in nutrient broth have been analysed. Each wall had a composition broadly characteristic of gram‐negative bacteria, although the walls of Pseudomonas pavonacea and P. syncyanea were relatively rich in glycosaminopeptide and loosely‐bound lipid, respectively. Phosphatidylglycerol was the only phospholipid common to all species, although phosphatidylethanolamine was absent only from P. diminuta. The latter species contained the distinctive range of glycolipids and a phosphoglucolipid identified previously in cells grown on nutrient agar. However, the glycolipids and an ornithine‐containing lipid present in some other species (notably P. rubescens) when grown on nutrient agar were not detected. Except in P. rubescens, the major fatty acids in loosely‐bound lipids were C16, C16:1, and c18:1 acids: in P. rubescens, the major components were C15, iso‐Cl5, and C17:1 acids. Cyclopropane acids occurred in the lipids from P. stutzeri.Components of the lipopolysaccharides were identified and determined. The lipid A fractions contained fatty acids, phosphorus, and (except for P. diminuta) glucosamine. The fatty acids included both hydroxy and non‐hydroxy acids. Apart from 2‐hydroxydodecanoic acid (present in P. syncyanea), all the hydroxy acids were β‐hydroxy acids, and 3‐hydroxydodecanoic acid predominated in all species except P. rubescens. Odd‐numbered hydroxy acids were minor components in P. diminuta and P. pavonacea and major components (C13 acids) in P. rubescens. The non‐hydroxy acids consisted of saturated acids (C12 to C14) and αβ‐unsaturated acids (dehydration products from the β‐hydroxy acids).Unusual features of the polysaccharide fractions from the lipopolysaccharides included the occurrence of non‐phosphorylated heptose residues (P. diminuta), the presence of phosphorylated glucose residues and of aspartic acid (P. pavonacea), the probable absence of 2‐keto‐3‐deoxyoctonic acid and the presence of acid‐labile galactose residues (P. rubescens), the virtual absence of glucose (P. stutzeri), and the presence of alanine (P. syncyanea). Amino sugars (glucosamine, galactosamine, and quinovosamine) occurred in the polysaccharides from P. stutzeri and P. syncyanea only. Following chromatography of the partly degraded polysaccharides on Sephadex, the distribution of components between possible side chain and core regions of the polysaccharides could be determined.The possible significance of the results for the sensitivity of the organisms to EDTA and for their taxonomy is discussed.This publication has 90 references indexed in Scilit:
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