Analysis of heat conduction in deep penetration welding with a time-modulated laser beam

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Abstract
The heat conduction model of a cylinder-type source in laser keyhole welding is extended to a time-modulated laser beam with a prescribed energy flux density instead of a prescribed temperature at the wall of the cylinder. A new non-dimensional parameter Omega = omega r02/ kappa ( omega denotes the frequency of the time-modulated laser beam, r0 the focus radius and kappa the thermal diffusivity of the metal) is found, characterizing the behaviour of the system. The resulting temperature oscillations mainly affect the weld seam, whereas the heat-affected zone is not influenced. The time behaviour of the surface temperature of the keyhole is calculated. The study is also applied to a laser beam modulated as a pulse train.

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