Observation of optical phase-sensitive noise on a light beam transmitted through sodium vapor

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Abstract
We have observed optical phase-sensitive noise in homodyne detection of a cw light beam which has propagated through sodium vapor near the D lines. Although at present the minimum noise is at or above the vacuum-state quantum limit due to zero-point fluctuations, nevertheless its phase behavior is like that of a squeezed state. Our observations are consistent both with the predictions of the quantum-mechanical theory of degenerate four-wave mixing and the theory of multiatom resonance fluorescence in the forward direction.