A Flux Formulation of the Spectral Atmospheric Equations Suitable for Use in Long-Term Climate Modeling

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Abstract
Previous1y, spectral modeling has been limited to prognostic equations Of the advective type. An alternative approach in which the equations have been recast in flux form is presented here. The latter type is more. appropriate to model vertical boundary conditions, and also guarantees mass conservation—an important consideration in extended range climatic integrations. A comparison of the two approaches is made. Each of the formulations have been successfully employed in a two-level atmospheric climate model. Results from trial integrations of the two model types are presented also.