Mechanisms of mild traumatic brain injury

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Abstract
The mechanisms of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) represent the low end of a spectrum in which pathobiological disturbances increase as mechanical forces increase. The article examines agonist-receptor and structural mechanisms of mild TBI. Acutely, TBI can produce increased levels of neurotransmitters, resulting in excessive stimulation of specific receptors that could produce chronic deficits in cholinergic neurotransmission. Axonal injury may occur immediately, or it may be subtle and progressive, involving progressive eytoskeletal derangements. Axonal injury may contribute to cholinergic neurotransmission deficits via diffuse deafferentation. Deficits in central cholinergic neurotransmission may contribute to memory deficits after mild TBI.

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