THE EFFECT OF ORAL AND INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF VITAMINS K ON THE PROTHROMBIN AND PROCONVERTIN LEVELS OF CHOLECYSTNEPHROSTOMIZED DOGS

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Abstract
Six dogs were prepared with permanent biliary fistulae by cholecystnephrostomy. Chronic bile lack in these animals led to the development of a bleeding tendency and to a significant drop in the levels of proconvertin and prothrombin. A comparison was made of the relative effectiveness of the K-vitamins administered orally and intravenously in restoring the plasma levels of prothrombin and proconvertin. Vitamin K3 (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, menadione) and Synkavite (2-methyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone diphosphoric ester tetrasodium salt) were found to be more effective and rapid in returning prothrombin and proconvertin values to normal than vitamin K1 (2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-napthoquinone) when given orally on an equimolar basis. Intravenously vitamins K1, K2 (2-methyl-3-difarnesyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), K3, and Synkavite had approximately the same molar biological activity in the immediate correction of prothrombin and proconvertin levels but the effect was less prolonged in the case of vitamin K3, and was only transient with Synkavite. Observations were made of pathological changes in the livers of these animals.

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