Rectal Diazepam: A Clinical and EEG Study After a Single Dose in Children

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Abstract
EEG monitoring was performed on a group of 10 children, aged 3 days to 13 yr, during admission to the Pediatric Clinic at the University of Bologna [Italy] for seizures. Diazepam was injected by rectal route as an anticonvulsant, using a dose of 0.5-1 mg/kg in the first 9 children; an i.v. bolus was administered to the last child. The main aim of this study was to document the time taken for the drug to reach the brain and to modify the electrical activity. Significant EEG changes were observed between 1-9.30 min and, in particular, fast activity appeared over one or both hemispheres after rectal diazepam. The EEG results confirm the clinical efficacy of rectal diazepam.