Newer Techniques of Transseptal Left-Heart Catheterization

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Abstract
1. Teflon tubing is ideally suited for transseptal catheterization because of its low coefficient of friction. 2. Catheterization of the left ventricle can be easily performed with a maneuverable spring guide. 3. A Teflon-tipped cannula and a tough, flexible, Teflon guide are used for percutaneous catheter insertions. 4. Safety measures used in transseptal puncture are described. 5. Simultaneous percutaneous insertion of a retrograde Teflon aortic catheter and the transseptal catheter permit transvalvular gradients to be obtained even when a diseased mitral or aortic valve cannot be crossed.