Human urine, blood serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and amniotic fluid have been analyzed by high-resolution chromatographic systems under development at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. These systems, or analyzers, consist of heated, high-pressure anion-exchange columns for chromatographic separation of the constituents and continuous-flow ultraviolet spectrophotometry or phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetry for detection of the separated ultraviolet-absorbing or carbohydrate components. Quantification of the resulting chromatograms has revealed significant differences in the concentrations of body-fluid constituents for the normal state and for various pathologic states such as hereditary nephritis, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, gout, alkaptonuria, and maple syrup urine disease. Some changes in urinary chromatographic patterns resulting from nicotinic acid and allopurinol therapies have also been detected.