Cylindrical Mode of Oscillation in a Ruby Optical Maser

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Abstract
A particular type of mode in optical maser oscillation was obtained with a ruby rod having parallel-plate resonator with a central hole in one of the reflector coatings. The oscillation has occurred in a region of cylindrical pipe distributed coaxially with the ruby rod. Around the periphery of the active region of annular-shape on the end-surface of the rod, a standing wave of the azimuthal mode number of about 225±10 has been formed with a good spatial coherence. The far-field pattern of annular-shape accompanied by fine radial fringes was observed, and it was well interpreted on the basis of Fraunhofer diffraction theory. The reason for the occurrence of particular azimuthal mode number was attributed to the slightly concave nature of the reflectors. The experimental results on the associated relaxation oscillation of a particular type are briefly described.

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