HPLC Determination of Trace Levels of Aliphatic Aldehydes C1- C4in River and Tap Water Using On-Line Preconcentration

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Abstract
A simple method has been developed for the separation and quantification of trace amounts of C1 - C4 aldehydes in river and tap water. This method utilized the separation of the aldehydes as their 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones derivatives by high performance liquid chromatography using on line preconcentration and gradient solvent elution. The reaction of the derivatization was studied on a microscale in water solution at different pH. It was found that aldehydes in spiked sample (at 1 ppb level) are decomposed and unknown compounds are formed. The limits of the detection at a wavelength of 355 nm and a signal/noise ratio of 5 range from 50 ppt for formaldehyde to 200 ppt for butyraldehyde. The mean relative standard deviations for all aldehydes were 10% at 1 ppb level.