Induction/Inhibition of Chromosomal β-Lactamases by β-Lactamase Inhibitors

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Abstract
Manyspecies of gram-negative bacteria produce chromosomal β-lactamases that can be induced to high-level expression by exposure to β-lactam antibiotics. Fifty-four strains of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Proteus, Citrobacter, and Morganella were examined for β-lactamase inducibility byclavulanic acid, sulbactam, YTR830, ampicillin, and cefoxitin. Cefoxitinprovedto be the most potent inducer, affectingmost of the strains of Enterobacter and Morganella. Clavulanic acid induced 30% of all strains studied. Sulbactam and YTR 830 did not inducemeasurablelevels of β-lactamases. Inhibition of some chromosomal Bslactamases by sulbactam and YTR 830was demonstrated, whereas inhibitory activity by clavulanic acid was found only in Proteus and Citrobacter.

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