The geography of urban social control: Group Areas and the 1976 and 1980 civil unrest in Cape Town

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Abstract
In 1976 large-scale civil unrest occurred in Cape Town. There can be no exact casualty count, but of the 128 people reported killed, at least 108 were shot by the police during the months of August and September. This was the first time that so-called ‘Cape Coloured’ people, who in general terms occupy an intermediate position in the South African racial hierarchy between the ruling whites and the subordinated Black Africans, had rioted on such a large scale. At the end of that year, in Cape Town’s segregated Black African townships, further rioting occurred. Official figures listed 36 deaths, 13 as a result of police action, the rest from internecine Black African conflict (Gordon et al. 1978, p. 109). In June 1980 another bout of rioting occurred in Cape Town, centred on the Coloureds-only suburb of Elsies River; about 40 people were killed.

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