BASAL AND TRH-STIMULATED THYROID AND PITUITARY HORMONES IN VARIOUS DEGREES OF RENAL INSUFFICIENCY

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Abstract
Abnormalities of thyroid and pituitary function are well recognized in patients with end-stage renal failure. The influence of varying degrees of renal insufficiency was investigated on serum thyroid (total thyroxine, TT4; total 3,5,3''-triiodothyronine, TT3, and 3'',5''3-triiodothyronine, reverse T3) and pituitary (thyrotropin, TSH; growth hormone, GH; prolactin, PRL) hormone levels before and after 200 .mu.g thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) i.v. administration. Patients with mild renal insufficiency (= group 1, plasma creatinine (Cr) > 1.3 mg% but < 3.0 mg%) had normal basal and TRH-stimulated hormone concentrations. In patients at a more advanced stage of the disease (= group 2; Cr > 3.0 mg% but < 7.0 mg%) basal hormone concentrations were also normal. In contrast to the normal group, where no GH reaction to TRH could be detected, GH serum concentrations increased in these patients after TRH. The TT3 and PRL response to TRH remained normal. The TSH reaction to TRH was blunted in 4, normal in 2 and exaggerated in 1 patient. Patients with end-stage renal failure (= group 3; Cr > 7.0 mg%) had significantly decreased basal TT3 concentrations but a normal TT3 response to TRH. Basal TT4, TT3 and TSH concentrations were normal. The TSH reaction was blunted in 4 and normal in 3 patients. The mean basal GH was elevated, albeit not significantly different from the control mean value. The GH increase after TRH was even more pronounced than in group 2. Basal PRL concentrations were significantly increased, but maximal differences between basal and TRH-stimulated concentrations were not significantly different from control. Changes in the pituitary and hypothalamic control of GH are apparently an early consequence of renal insufficiency. Alterations in thyroid function occur simultaneously on the pituitary-hypothalamic and peripheral level at a more advanced stage of the disease. PRL basal levels increase with decreasing renal function. No significant influence of uremia on the TRH-stimulated PRL reserve of the pituitary was observed.