Pseudohalonectria (Lasiosphaeriaceae), an antagonistic genus from wood in freshwater

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Abstract
Pseudohalonectria lignicola and five new species of Pseudohalonectria are described and illustrated from submerged wood in freshwater. Species are similar in overall morphology and produce bright yellow to brown perithecia, asci with thimble-shaped apical apparatuses and that separate from ascogenous hyphae at maturity, long, septate paraphyses attached to ascogenous hyphae, and hyaline to lightly pigmented phragmosporous ascospores. An anamorphic state was found for only one species. Pseudohalonectria has features common to both the Sordariales and Diaporthales, but is best placed in the Sordariales. Species are inhibitory to other filamentous fungi and yeasts in paired culture, and form soft-rot cavities in balsa and beech wood.