Chain model theory of lipid monolayer transitions

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Abstract
The extensive surface area A and the conjugate surface pressure Π are introduced into a cooperatively interacting hydrocarbon chain model. The exact statistical mechanical method of solution is extended to accommodate the new variables. The previously discussed 3/2 order transition becomes a critical point in phase diagrams involving Π and A. The values of the usual critical exponents are β=1, δ=2, γ=γ′=1, and α=0, and the 3/2 order exponents appear on the critical isobar, Π=Πc. The model shows Π‐A phase behavior which is strikingly different from the P–V behavior, in agreement with the difference between the experimental Π‐A monolayer behavior and the P–V bilayer behavior. This supports the theory that the bilayer is two weakly coupled monolayers.

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