The relationship between Mallophaga and hippoboscid flies

Abstract
It has been known for a long time that certain species of Mallophaga attach themselves to hippoboscid flies, the act taking place on the bird host. This has been referred to as Phoresy, ‘a type of interrelationship between insects in which one is carried on the body of another larger insect, but the former does not feed on the latter’, or, in other words, free passage without food.