An Appraisal of Some Chlorinated Hydrocarbon and Organic Phosphate Insecticides for Grape Berry Moth Control1

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Abstract
Schedules of 3 and 4 applications of several chlorinated hydrocarbon and organic phosphate insecticides were compared for control of Polychrosis vi-teana in very severely infested vineyards, the berry injury ranging from 34 to 77%. DDT was more effective than dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane, methoxychlor and ditolyltrichloroethane, listed in order of decrease in effectiveness. Of the organic phosphates, parathion; O, O-dimethyl S-(2-oxo-2-ureidoethyl) dithiophosphate; and S-carbamylmethyl O, O-dimethyl dithiophosphate, parathion proved to be the most efficient and was slightly superior to DDT. Parathion was toxic to larvae after they had become established in the fruit, one application of 0.5 lb. of 25% parathion powder being sufficient to kill practically all 1st, 2d and 3d instar larvae within the berries. A concn. of 2 lbs. of 25% parathion was necessary to give a kill of 90% or above when 4 instar larvae were present. The other compounds listed above and tetraethyl pyrophosphate and 2-nitro-1, 1-bis(p-chlorophenyl) butane were virtually ineffective against larvae feeding inside the berries. Residue from one application of parathion at the 1-100 rate was less than 1 ppm. 7 days after treating and less than 0.1 ppm. within 3 weeks.

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