Triaxial Electrogoniometric Examination of the Pivot Shift Sign for Rotatory Instability of the Knee

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Abstract
The precise nature of the motion of the knee during a pivot shift is of interest when types of knee instability are correlated with specific injuries. Ten subjects with anterior cruciate ligament injuries and demonstrable pivot shift instabilities were examined with a triaxial electrogoniometer to detect angular motion at the joint during the performance of a pivot shift test. By varying the method of test performance and observing the patterns of motion by eye and in the electrogoniometric data, the pivot shift was shown to be a dominantly translational event during nonstressed knee testing and a dominantly rotational event during stressed knee testing.

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