Diversity of HLA‐B17 alleles and haplotypes in East Asians and a novel Cw6 allele (Cw*0604) associated with B*5701

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Abstract
The distribution of HLA‐B17 alleles and their association with HLA‐A, ‐C and ‐DRB1 alleles were investigated in seven East Asian populations (Japanese, South Korean, Chinese‐Korean, Man, Northern Han, Mongolian and Buryat populations). The B17 alleles were identified from genomic DNA using group‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by hybridization with sequence‐specific oligonucleotide probes (SSOP). In all of these East Asian populations, except Japanese and Chinese‐Koreans, B*5701 was detected and strongly associated with A*0101, Cw*0602 and DRB1*0701. In contrast, B*5801 was detected in all the seven populations and strongly associated with A*3303, Cw*0302, DRB1*0301 and DRB1*1302. The A*3303‐Cw*0302‐B*5801‐DRB1*1302 haplotype was observed in South Korean, Chinese‐Korean, Buryat and Japanese populations, while A*3303‐Cw*0302‐B*5801‐DRB1*0301 was predominantly observed in the Mongolian population. A similar haplotype, A*0101‐Cw*0302‐B*5801‐DRB1*1302, was observed in the Buryat population. A novel Cw6 allele, Cw*0604, was identified in the Man population. This Cw allele was observed on the haplotype A*0101‐B*5701‐DRB1*0701. Thus, we confirmed, at the sequence level, that the common haplotypes carrying B*5701 and B*5801 have been conserved and shared in East Asian populations 2.