Stress, Social Supports, and Schizophrenic Disorders: Toward an Interactional Model

Abstract
An interactional model of schizophrenic disorders is proposed in which 3 parameters of stressors interact with 4 parameters of social networks/supports to produce a stress state characterized by positions along 3 orthogonal dimensions: overload-underload, positive-negative affect, high arousal-low arousal. The stress state, it is speculated, is reciprocally related to various clinical dimensions, functional system impairments, quantitative response parameters and qualitative response parameters which constitute the schizophrenic disorder. The basic point of the model is that the formative, precipitative, expressive and maintaining forces of schizophrenic-type disorders are influenced by the simultaneous interaction of stressors, supports and stress states.