Laboratory studies with the sex attractant of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, confirmed previous findings that the female aggressively seeks the pheromone-emitting male. In both sexes, peak activity occurred when the weevils were 4–6 days old. When I sex was 4–6 days old and the other was less than 2 days old, the males were mostly unattractive and the females mostly unresponsive. Females responded to a single male, but response was significantly greater to 5, 10, or 25 males. Virgin males were twice as attractive and virgin females were 3 times as responsive as mated males or females. Males sterilized with apholate were about half as attractive to virgin females as untreated males when both were fed on laboratory diet but were equally attractive when both were fed on fresh cotton squares (flower buds). Comparisons between laboratory (medium-reared) and field (square-reared) male weevils, each fed cotton squares or laboratory diet, indicated a greater importance of food rather than strain in determining female response.