Abstract
Lack of consensus concerning present American value orientations relative to individual initiative, self-reliance, and economic independence has argued strongly in favor of the development of an objective, reliable, valid measure of these orientations. A Likert-type Public Dependency Scale was developed for this purpose. Its final form consisted of 16 items with a reliability coefficient of .89 corrected to .94. Validity of the scale was demonstrated by applying it to five groups with known public dependency orientations.

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