Disorders of attention are among the most frequently reported problems following traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, considerable disagreement exists regarding the most appropriate definitions and conceptualizations of attention. This article addresses several issues related to attentional disorders following TBI. First, we summarize the types of attentional impairments observed in TBI. Next, we describe several multicomponent models of attention. We discuss the merits and applicability of each model and suggest psychometric approaches to the assessment of attention based on these models. Finally, we summarize controversies and relevant research findings with regard to the rehabilitation of individuals with attentional disorders.