Binding of neuronal ELAV‐like proteins to the uridine‐rich sequence in the 3′‐untranslated region of tumor necrosis factor‐α messenger RNA

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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is involved in the pathogenesis of several human CNS disorders. The AU-rich element (ARE) in the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of TNF-α mRNA is implicated in post-transcriptional control of TNF-α. In this study, we showed that a human neuronal ELAV-like protein binds to the ARE in the 3′-UTR of TNF-α mRNA. The protein binds to the uridine stretch in AUUUA pentanucleotides inside the ARE in the 3′-UTR of TNF-α mRNA. The TNF-α mRNA-binding region in the protein appears to be identical to the c-myc and IL-3 mRNA-binding regions. Moreover, this study showed that in vitro treatment of neuroblastoma cells with interleukin-4 (IL-4), which inhibits TNF-α production, reduced the expression of the neuronal ELAV-like proteins. These results suggest that the expression of neuronal ELAV-like proteins may be closely associated with the expression of TNF-α in neuronal cells.