Race differences in a sample of vocational rehabilitation clients with traumatic brain injury

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Abstract
Objective : To evaluate race differences in demographics, injury severity, and vocational outcomes for persons with TBI. Participants : Seventy-five individuals with TBI (13 African American, 62 Caucasian) who requested services from the Missouri Division of Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) over a 2-year period. Measures : Demographics (i.e. age, race, level of education), injury severity (i.e. LOC, PTA, length of hospitalization, neuropsychological test scores), VR services provided (e.g. transportation, maintenance, on-the-job training, etc.), and VR outcomes (successfully vs unsuccessfully employed; cost per case). Procedure : All participants completed a standard neuropsychological evaluation and completed VR services (i.e. were followed from enrolment to case closure). Hypotheses : African Americans and Caucasians would not differ in demographics or injury severity, although fewer African Americans would be successfully employed through DVR. Analyses : Chi-squares and non-parametric MANOVAs to evaluate race differences in terms of demographics, injury severity, vocational services provided and vocational outcomes. Results : As hypothesized, there were few race differences in demographics or injury severity, although African Americans received significantly more transportation services (62 vs 21%). Contrary to hypotheses, there was no difference in the number of successfully employed African Americans (23%) vs Caucasians (18%). Conclusions : African Americans and Caucasians with TBI achieve similar vocational successes if they receive state VR services

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