Ryegrass populations from intensively managed leys III. Reaction to management, nitrogen application and Poa trivialisL. in field trials

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Abstract
Populations of Lolium perenneL. derived from fields where the management was paddock grazing were compared with plants from breeder's seed of the cultivars originally sown at the collection sites. In the first trial the population derived from an S. 24 ley was better adapted to withstand intensive sheep grazing and high nitrogen application (672 kg/ha/ annum) than either S. 24 or Stormont Zephyr. Extra treading by sheep in addition to that involved in the high stock density (1186sheep/ha) used at the time of grazing produced only a small reduction in yield of dry matter. In the second trial, the population derived from an S. 23 ley had a higher yield of dry matter than S. 23 at the high level of N application (672 kg/ha/annum). There was no difference in the yields when 168 kg N/ha/annum was applied. In both field trials yield in the year of sowing was high for all swards, although the survivor populations were slower to establish than the original cultivars. The evaluation of the ryegrass populations in terms of dry-matter yield was affected by the small quantity of Poa trivialispresent when this grass was sown with the ryegrasses. In the second trial this conclusion also applied to yield of nitrogen in the herbage.
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