The Chemical Structure of an Antitumor Polysaccharide in Fruit Bodies of Grifola frondosa (Maitake)

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Abstract
A polysaccharide was extracted from fruit bodes of Grifola frondosa (maitake), and the chemical structure and antitumor activity were studied. The extracted polysaccharide could be hydrolyzed by .beta.-glucanase into glucose, indicating it to be a .beta.-glucan. The sample gave methyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-, methyl 2,4,6-tri-O-, methyl 2,3,4-tri-O- and methyl 2,4-di-O-methylglucoside in the molar ration of 4:2:1:4 on methylation. In the carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, the signals of C-6'' (related to (1-6) bonding) and C-3'' (related to (1-3) bonding) were observed in addition to those of free C-6 and C-3. These results indicate that the major chain is made up of .beta.-1,6-linked glucose residues with brances of .beta.-1,3-linked glucose. This glucan inhibited the growth of Sarcoma 180 tumor in ICR mice.