Problems and emerging approaches in HIV/AIDS vaccine development
- 14 March 2007
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Emerging Drugs
- Vol. 12 (1) , 23-48
- https://doi.org/10.1517/14728214.12.1.23
Abstract
According to recent estimates, 39.5 million people have been infected with HIV and 2.9 million have already died. The effect of HIV infection on individuals and communities is socially and economically devastating. Although antiretroviral drugs have had a dramatically beneficial impact on HIV-infected individuals who have access to treatment, it has had a negligible impact on the global epidemic. Therefore, the need for an efficacious HIV/AIDS vaccine remains the highest priority of the world HIV/AIDS agenda. The generation of a vaccine against HIV/AIDS has turned out to be extremely challenging, as indicated by > 20 years of unsuccessful attempts. This review discusses the major challenges in the field and key experimental evidence providing a rationale for the use of non-structural HIV proteins, such as Rev, Tat and Nef, either in the native form or expressed by viral vectors such as a replicating adeno-vector. These non-structural proteins alone or in combination with modified structural HIV-1 Env prot...Keywords
This publication has 211 references indexed in Scilit:
- Ability of herpes simplex virus vectors to boost immune responses to DNA vectors and to protect against challenge by simian immunodeficiency virusVirology, 2006
- Ginseng and Salviae herbs play a role as immune activators and modulate immune responses during influenza virus infectionVaccine, 2006
- Delivery of the HIV-1 Tat protein to dendritic cells by the CyaA vector induces specific Th1 responses and high affinity neutralizing antibodies in non human primatesVaccine, 2006
- Failure to eradicate HIV despite fully successful HAART initiated in the first days of lifeThe Journal of Pediatrics, 2006
- Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Nef suppresses CD40-dependent immunoglobulin class switching in bystander B cellsNature Immunology, 2006
- The HIV-1 matrix protein p17 can be efficiently delivered by intranasal route in mice using the TLR 2/6 agonist MALP-2 as mucosal adjuvantVaccine, 2005
- Complete Protection of Neonatal Rhesus Macaques against Oral Exposure to Pathogenic Simian‐Human Immunodeficiency Virus by Human Anti‐HIV Monoclonal AntibodiesThe Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2004
- HIV-1 Nef Enhances Both Membrane Expression and Virion Incorporation of Env ProductsJournal of Biological Chemistry, 2004
- Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein modulates cell cycle and apoptosis in Epstein–Barr virus-immortalized B cellsExperimental Cell Research, 2004
- In vitro immunomodulation and in vivo immunotherapy of retrovirus-induced immunosuppressionInternational Journal of Immunopharmacology, 1991