Congenital Anomalies of the Tracheobronchial Tree

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Abstract
Tracheal or bronchial constriction produced by membranous webs, fibrous stenoses, or deformities of cartilages can create serious problems in the newborn period. Absence of tracheal or bronchial rings at the site of a compressing vascular anomaly has been demonstrated repeatedly. Tracheal or bronchial evaginations also can produce severe respiratory obstruction. Congenital tracheal fistulas are commonly associated with esophageal atresia. Bronchial evaginations are far less common than congenital lung cysts. Bilobation of the right lung and trilobation of the left lung are the most common lobation anomalies.