The Beech Scale and Beech Bark Disease in Acadia National Park1

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Abstract
Extremely heavy infestations of Cryptococcus fagi kill large areas of the bark and prepare the way for attack by the beech bark disease, Nectria coccinata var. faginata, which can develop only on scale-infested trees. In some old beech stands in e. Maine nearly 100% of the trees have been killed. Young trees may be heavily attacked but are resistant. On Mount Desert I., attempts to eradicate the scale and the disease were unsuccessful. Complete kill of this scale was repeatedly secured with 5 gal. of liquid lime-sulfur to 95 of water as a delayed dormant spray. When coverage was thorough,4-5 years could elapse before a dangerous reinfestation built up. The twice-stabbed lady-beetle (Chilocoris stigma) is the only biological control agent known. Winter temps. have not prevented a rapid increase.

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