Solid defect structure and catalytic activity of perovskite-type catalysts La1–xSrxNiO3–λand La1–1.333xThxNiO3–λ

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Abstract
Two series of La1–xSrxNiO3–λ and La1–1.333xThxNiO3–λ catalysts have been prepared, and the relationships between the solid defect structure and catalytic activity for NH3 oxidation were measured. The results showed that in the range of x < 0.3, the samples possessed single perovskite-type structure, and as the content of Sr2+ decreased and that of Th4+ increased the catalytic activity increased, which was paralleled with the Ni3+ concentration within the catalysts. The active oxygen species (O– or O2– 2) were present not only on the surface but also in the bulk of the samples. The synergistic effect of transition metal ions with higher oxidation states and randomly distributed oxygen vacancies was the key factor determining catalytic activity of perovskite-type oxides. A redox mechanism for NH3 oxidation over ABO3 is proposed.