Extended-fine-structure analysis of oxygen on titanium

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Abstract
Problems with overlapping extended fine structure inhibit the study of many interesting adsorbate systems, including oxygen, on nearly all of the transition metals. Using conventional techniques, the proximity of the titanium 2p levels at 455 eV and the oxygen 1s level at 535 eV produces a spectrum in which the fine structure above the Ti 2p overlaps fine structure above the oxygen 1s, rendering analysis of the fine structure above either unreliable. In contrast, the Auger-monitored extended-fine-structure (AMEFS) technique monitors excitation of each core level individually, therefore providing separate spectra of the extended fine structure above the Ti 2p3/2 and the oxygen 1s levels. In AMEFS, detection of core excitations is accomplished with a standard single-pass cylindrical mirror analyzer tuned to the Auger transition energy. Core excitations are produced with incident electrons provided by the CMA’s integral electron gun. The only modification to the standard commercially available equipment was in the electronics.

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