Immunology of Cultivated Mammalian Cells. I. Species Specificity Determined by Hemagglutination2

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Abstract
Guinea pigs were immunized with human cell strains EE and HeLa, rabbit cell strains CRE and ERK-1, and tertiary cultures of domestic rabbit and rhesus monkey kidney. Antiserums to CRE and rabbit kidney cells agglutinated rabbit but not human erythrocytes. Antiserums to EE, HeLa, and ERK-1 cells agglutinated human but not rabbit erythrocytes. Induced hemagglutinins were distinguished from natural heterophil hemagglutinins and blood group-specific antibodies by absorption of serums with cells or erythrocytes and by agglutination inhibition with whole or disrupted cells or erythrocytes. Guinea pigs hyper-immunized with cells within the groups (a) EE, HeLa, and ERK-1 and (b) CRE and rabbit kidney exhibited anamnestic courses of hemagglutinin production; hyperimmunization between groups produced primary responses to secondary immunization. Guinea pigs injected with 1000 : 1 mixtures of EE and CRE cells produced hemagglutinins for rabbit as well as human erythrocytes. Antiserums to human and ERK-1 cells contained some induced agglutinins for rhesus monkey erythrocytes; antiserums to rhesus kidney cells contained agglutinins for rhesus and cynomolgus erythrocytes, but not human erythrocytes. Antiserums to calf-serum culture medium agglutinated calf erythrocytes weakly and irregularly. Antiserums contained no induced agglutinins for erythrocytes of other species.