Glucosinolates and Their Hydrolytic Products in Intestinal Contents, Feces, Blood, and Urine of Rats Dosed With Rapeseed Meals

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Abstract
Rapeseed meals were prepared from B. napus rapeseed, either from seed previously heated in boiling water for 10 min or from unheated seed. Rats were dosed by stomach tube with 1 g of each meal and urine was collected for periods of 8,16, 24, and 36 h. Representative rats were sacrificed at these times and total gastrointestinal contents plus feces and total blood were collected. All samples, including the meals, were subjected to analyses for isothiocyanates, nitriles (BCN), and goitrin (OZT), both with and without myrosinase treatment. Significant amounts of glucosinolates were absorbed and excreted intact in the urine. The heated meal yielded more BCN and OZT in the urine than did the raw meal. At 8 h considerable amounts of OZT were found in the blood of rats dosed with heated meal. No free isothiocyanates were found in any of the samples examined. However, following dosing with heated meal, urine treated with myrosinase yielded isothiocyanates equivalent to 40% of their parent glucosinolates present in the meal. Evidence suggests that when heated or raw meals are ingested the main toxic substances formed are BCN and OZT, the former predominating in the case of raw meal and the latter in the case of heated meal.

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