Fungal Infections

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Abstract
Over the last decade, there have been changes in the epidemiology of fungal infections as well as dramatic improvements in the antifungal armamentarium. Candida species are an increasingly important cause of infection among patients in intensive care units. Mold infections continue to occur predominantly among highly immunosuppressed patients, such as those who have acute leukemia and those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell or solid organ transplantation. Aspergillus species remain the most common molds to cause invasive infection, but other environmental molds, such as Scedosporium, Fusarium, and various zygomycetes, including Rhizopus and Mucor, appear to be increasing in some medical centers. We now have available a new class of antifungal agents, the echinocandins, that act to damage the cell walls of Candida and Aspergillus species. Although limited in spectrum and only available in intravenous formulations, these agents are very safe and extremely well tolerated. Another new agent is the expanded s...

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