Coherence and Coulomb blockade in single-electron devices: A unified treatment of interaction effects

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Abstract
We study the interplay between Coulomb blockade and the Kondo effect in quantum dots. We use a self-consistent scheme which describes mesoscopic devices in terms of a collective phase variable (slave rotor) and quasiparticle degrees of freedom. In the strong Coulomb blockade regime, we recover the description of metallic islands in terms of a phase-only action. For a dot with well-separated levels, our method leads to the Kondo effect. We identify the regime where a crossover between the Coulomb blockade regime at high temperatures and the formation of a Kondo resonance at lower temperature takes place. In addition, we find that for a dot with many overlapping resonances, an inverse crossover can take place. A Kondo resonance which involves many levels within the dot is first formed, and this coherent state is suppressed by correlation effects at lower temperatures. A narrower Kondo resonance, due to a single level in the dot, can emerge at even lower temperatures.

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