Repeated Presentation and Retention of Meaningful Information

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Abstract
In a previous experiment it was found that when young adult Ss made repeated attempts to recall verbal information they frequently repeated their earlier errors, despite the fact that they were able to listen to the correct version of the information after each recall attempt. The present study was designed to discover whether the earlier results could be extended to conditions typical of those in which humans acquire verbal knowledge, and retention was repeatedly assessed by a multiple-choice recognition test. Considerable repetition of errors was observed. When Ss made incorrect responses to the same question on two successive sessions, the incorrect choice in the second session was twice as likely to be the same choice made in the first session as it was to be any of the alternatives.

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