A New Strain of Southern Bean Mosaic Virus Derived at Low Temperatures

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Abstract
A new strain of southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV), designated NCP, was derived when certain cowpea lines were inoculated with the cowpea strain (CP) and maintained at 21.degree. and 24.degree. C. NCP was serologically different from CP and 3 other strains of SBMV. Strain CP caused necrotic local lesions on cowpea cultivar Clay and plant introduction (PI) 399419, while NCP caused no symptoms on ''Clay'' and local chlorosis and systemic mosaic on PI 399419. The 2 strains also differed in susceptibility of their RNA to proteinase K and virion accumulation in cultivar Clay. NCP partially overcame the resistance in cultivar Clay, but had no appreciable effect on the resistance of 3 other cultivars. Four interacting factors were responsible for the derivation of NCP: host, temperature, viral replication and viral movement. Evidently the new strain induces some substance that aids or is required for systemic movement of the virus within the host.

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