Abstract
The case presented herewith is the first one on record in which calcification of the heart muscle itself, without involvement of the pericardium, has been demonstrated radiographically intra vitam, and in which the roentgen-ray diagnosis was confirmed by necropsy. The finding was detected accidentally, in the course of a special type of roentgenologic investigations carried on for several years at the Montefiore Home and Hospital. After two years of comparative radiographic and gross pathologic studies on a large scale it was found that quite often pathologic conditions which could have been diagnosed roentgenologically very easily, had been overlooked intra vitam owing to the fact that they had not given rise to any clinical symptoms. It was therefore decided to give every newly admitted patient a brief roentgen-ray examination, to keep records of the roentgen-ray findings, and finally to compare the latter with the clinical and later on with the necropsy

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