Gravitation and cosmology in generalized (1 + 1)-dimensional dilaton gravity

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Abstract
The actions of the `R=T' and string-inspired theories of gravity in (1+1) dimensions are generalized into one single action which is characterized by two functions. We discuss differing interpretations of the matter stress--energy tensor, and show how two such different interpretations can yield two different sets of field equations from this action. The weak-field approximation, post-Newtonian expansion, hydrostatic equilibrium state of a star and two-dimensional cosmology are studied separately by using the two sets of field equations. Some properties in the `R=T' and string-inspired theories are shown to be generic in the theory induced by the generalized action.
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