A comparison of three positions used to evaluate tibial varum

Abstract
The authors compare three positions used to measure tibial varum. Sixty-two females between the ages of 18 and 30 years were subjects. A manual goniometer was used to obtain measures of tibial varum in each of the three positions. A significant difference was found, using analysis of variance, among the three positions and between the left and right legs. Ten of the sixty-two subjects were radiographed to determine the most valid measurement. Correlation coefficients were calculated to compare measures from the three positions versus X-ray measurements. The results suggest that clinical techniques measure tibiofibular varum, and that the best position for measurement is the resting calcaneal stance position.

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