Studies of the Effect of Heat Treatment on the Metabolizable Energy Value of Soybeans and Extracted Soybean Flakes for the Chick

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Abstract
The effect of graded levels of heat treatment of ground soybeans and extracted dehulled soybean flakes (zero, 10, 40 and 60 minutes at 107°C, and 120 minutes at 120°C) on their growth promoting value and metabolizable energy content for chicks was studied. The degree of heat treatment which produced maximal metabolizable energy value also produced maximal rate and efficiency of growth: 10 to 60 minutes at 107°C for extracted flakes, and 10 minutes at 107°C for ground soybeans. Metabolizable energy content of soybean flakes was somewhat less than that expected from previous study of commercially-processed soybean-oil meals. A possible reason for this discrepancy was discussed. A large discrepancy between expected and observed values for heated, ground soybeans was obtained. This was found to be due to lower absorbability of soybean oil fed in the form of ground soybeans than soybean oil fed as such. The observed metabolizable energy values for heated soybeans were consistent with the low absorbability of the oil and the observed values of extracted soybean flakes. The results obtained are consistent with the concept that the low nutritive value of raw soybeans and extracted soybean flakes for the chick is due to their poor digestion and/or absorption.