Alpha2-Macroglobulin and Proliferative Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes

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Abstract
Serum alpha2-macroglobulin (α2 m) and total glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1) concentrations were measured in 110 insulin dependent Type 1 diabetics with minimal or no fundoscopic retinopathy, referred to as non-retinopaths, and in 52 proliferative retinopaths. Proteinuria was recorded in 8 (7%) non-retinopaths and 29 (56%) retinopaths and was accompanied by elevated α2 m concentrations in both groups of diabetics but only significantly so in the non-retinopaths. Diabetics without proteinuria showed a significant correlation Between α2 m concentration and duration of diabetes, HbA, and age (being higher at extremes of age). α2 m concentrations were significantly higher in retinopaths than in non-retinopaths without proteinuria when allowance was made for the influence of age and duration of diabetes on α2 m. This difference may be attributed to the higher HbA1 levels found in retinopaths than in non-retinopaths and was no longer evident when account was taken of the prevailing HbA1 concentration in individual patients.

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