Positively and negatively charged water cluster ions generated via liquid chromatography/thermospray mass spectrometry

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Abstract
The formation of singly protonated water clusters in the positive‐ion mode and singly deprotonated water clusters as well as singly negatively charged water clusters in the negative‐ion mode with a thermospray system running on pure water and in the discharge‐on mode is described. The influence of the potential at the repeller electrode opposite to the sampling cone recalls previous mechanistic discussions on the repeller influence. Application of these water cluster ions to tuning and calibration in the thermospray mode is proposed.