This syndrome associated with congenital deficiency of abduction was described in detail by Duane1in 1905 after he had collected reports of fifty-four cases, five of which were cases of bilateral deficiency. Prior to that a number of cases had been reported by Sinclair,2Türk,3Bahr,4Friedenwald5and Treacher Collins,6and a complete discussion of the symptoms had been presented by J. Wolff7in 1900 and by Evans8in 1903. More recently Harold Gifford,9Bielschowsky10and Birch-Hirschfeld11have presented full descriptions of this complex syndrome. The syndrome is characterized by: (1) deficiency of abduction, (2) partial deficiency of adduction, (3) retraction of the globe when the eye is adducted, (4) oblique movement when adduction is attempted, (5) narrowing of the palpebral fissure during adduction and (6) deficiency of convergence. A varied clinical picture is presented by this syndrome,